On average, women in the United States are paid just 77 cents for every
dollar paid to men.1 For African American women, this disparity is much worse.
Overall, African American women in the United States are paid just 70 cents for
every dollar paid to men2 and just 64 cents for every dollar paid to white,
non-Hispanic men.
Even in states with large populations of employed African American
women, rampant wage disparities persist – with potentially devastating
consequences for African American women and their families.
In the 20 states with the
largest number of African American women working full time, year round, pay for
African American women ranges from 55 cents to 87 cents for every dollar paid
to men in those states.
The states with the
largest populations of African American women working full time, year round are
Texas and New York.5 In Texas, African American women are paid 78 cents for
every dollar paid to men in Texas – or $9,669 less each year.6 In New York,
African American women are paid 79 cents for every dollar paid to men in New
York, amounting to $10,801 less each year.
Among these states,
African American women in Louisiana and Mississippi suffer from the largest
wage gap, bringing home just 55 and 61 cents, respectively, for every dollar
paid to men in their states.
African American Women Cannot Afford Discrimination
Eliminating the wage gap would provide much-needed income to
African American women, whose salaries are critically important for their
families.
More than four million
family households in the United States are headed by African American women.
Nearly 40 percent of all
households headed by African American women live below the poverty level.11 Of
those households with a child under five years of age, the percentage increases
to more than 50 percent.12 This means that half of households headed by African
American women with young children live in poverty.
Wage Gap
for African American Women by State
| |||||
An
analysis of the wage gap in the 20 states with the largest number of
African
American women who work full time, year round
| |||||
State
|
Number
of African American Women Working Full Time, Year Round
|
Median
Earnings for African
American |
Median
Earnings for All Men
|
Annual
Wage Gap
|
Cents
on the Dollar
|
Louisiana
|
208,699
|
$25,485
|
$46,313
|
$20,828
|
55
|
Mississippi
|
145,933
|
$24,572
|
$40,202
|
$15,630
|
61
|
South
Carolina
|
186,184
|
$26,692
|
$41,464
|
$14,772
|
64
|
Alabama
|
174,978
|
$27,561
|
$42,951
|
$15,390
|
64
|
Virginia
|
264,902
|
$35,171
|
$52,805
|
$17,634
|
67
|
New
Jersey
|
196,348
|
$41,522
|
$60,568
|
$19,046
|
69
|
Michigan
|
160,814
|
$34,690
|
$50,053
|
$15,363
|
69
|
Ohio
|
185,475
|
$31,739
|
$46,176
|
$14,437
|
69
|
Indiana
|
76,086
|
$30,959
|
$45,183
|
$14,224
|
69
|
North
Carolina
|
299,551
|
$30,409
|
$41,950
|
$11,541
|
72
|
Georgia
|
456,032
|
$31,731
|
$43,902
|
$12,171
|
72
|
Pennsylvania
|
183,333
|
$34,401
|
$47,956
|
$13,555
|
72
|
Missouri
|
103,267
|
$31,436
|
$43,146
|
$11,710
|
73
|
Illinois
|
255,014
|
$37,290
|
$50,746
|
$13,456
|
73
|
Florida
|
439,995
|
$29,880
|
$40,951
|
$11,071
|
73
|
Tennessee
|
156,857
|
$30,611
|
$41,309
|
$10,698
|
74
|
Texas
|
486,806
|
$33,491
|
$43,160
|
$9,669
|
78
|
New York
|
506,779
|
$39,587
|
$50,388
|
$10,801
|
79
|
Maryland
|
335,762
|
$45,616
|
$56,708
|
$11,092
|
80
|
California
|
300,453
|
$42,939
|
$49,281
|
$6,342
|
87
|
Sources:
U.S. Census Bureau. (2012). American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates,
Geographies: All States within United States, Tables B20017B: Median Earnings
in the Past 12 Months (in 2011 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) by Sex by Work
Experience in the Past 12 Months for the Population 16 Years and Over with
Earnings in the Past 12 Months (Black or African American alone) and Table
B20005B: Sex by Work Experience in the Past 12 Months by Earnings in the Past
12 Months (in 2011 Inflation- Adjusted Dollars) for the Population 16 Years
and Over (Black or African American alone).
|
The median salary for African American women in the
United States is $33,501, compared to a median salary of $48,202 for all men –
or a difference of $14,701 each year. If the wage gap were eliminated, an
African American woman working full time, year round would have enough money
for approximately:
More than two years’ worth of food;13
Almost 10 months’ worth of mortgage and utilities payments;14
More than 16 months of rent;15
More than three years’ worth of family health insurance
premiums;16 or
4,549 additional
gallons of gas.
Congress
Must Pass the Paycheck Fairness Act
The
economic security of African American women and all working women and their
families is put at risk when women are paid less than men. The Paycheck Fairness Act would
strengthen the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and help women fight wage discrimination.
The Paycheck Fairness Act would:
Prohibit employers from retaliating against workers who discuss
salaries with
colleagues;
Put gender-based discrimination on equal footing with other
forms of wage
discrimination – such as race or national origin –
and allow women to take
legal action for damages;
Require employers to prove that pay differences exist for
legitimate, job-related
reasons;
Create a negotiation skills training program for women and
girls;
Recognize employers for excellence in their pay practices;
Provide businesses, especially small ones, assistance with equal
pay practices;
and
Enhance
the Department of Labor’s and the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission’s
abilities to investigate and enforce
pay discrimination laws.
Wingspan Portfolio Advisors